Houston, Texas – It’s another setback for popular Third Ward restaurant, The Turkey Leg Hut.

The Alameda Road, restaurant, closed, after the Houston Health Department found several violations.

In an email sent to KPRC 2, the health department said they ordered the closure on September 19th due to serious health code violations. An inspection revealed 35 violations, which the department says include conditions that “pose an imminent threat to public health.”

The restaurant will remain closed until all the issues have been resolved, a follow up inspection is done and the restaurant is up to safety standards.

The Turkey Leg Hut’s Instagram account had a post saying they were closed over the weekend for renovations.

This comes after the restaurants filed for Chapter 11 Bankruptcy, earlier this year.

Men have been steadily dropping out of the workforce — especially men ages 25 to 54, who are considered to be in their prime working years. About 10.5% of men in their prime working years, or roughly 6.8 million men nationwide, are neither working nor looking for employment, compared with just 2.5% in 1954. So what exactly is driving men out of the workforce?

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Migraines have long had an intimate relationship with the elements. Alongside stress and hormones, fluctuations in meteorological conditions are one of the most commonly cited triggers for an attack. “Patients will often say that they can predict the weather,” says Vincent Martin, director of the Headache and Facial Pain Center at University of Cincinnati and president of the US National Headache Foundation. They may foresee rainfall two or three days out, as a blossoming migraine alerts them to a drop in barometric pressure.

Martin has researched the impact of temperature and other weather conditions on migraines, and he believes the climate crisis—which brings warming temperatures and more extreme weather events—could worsen the disease. “I think [climate change] is going to have an enormous effect on migraine,” he says.

This summer, Martin and his colleagues presented a study that reviewed over 70,000 daily diary records of 660 migraine patients and cross-referenced them with regional weather data, such as wind speed, temperature, humidity, and barometric pressure. The researchers found that, for every daily temperature increase of 10 degrees Fahrenheit, there was a 6 percent increase in occurrence of headaches. One reason heat might trigger migraines could be due to the loss of water and electrolytes through sweat, Martin says; it could also be that the sun acts as a photic trigger, meaning its bright light could spark a migraine.

Other research has similarly found a link between rising temperatures and migraines. A 2015 study looked at emergency department admissions due to migraine at a hospital in Turkey over a year and compared them against different weather parameters, such as temperature, humidity, and pressure. It found the number of migraine patients rose as temperatures increased and humidity decreased.

Fred Cohen, assistant professor of medicine at Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai in New York and a coauthor on the study with Martin, is concerned that the changing climate could directly impact migraine burden. He led a separate review paper published earlier this year that uncovered a peculiar trend. The review found that while the prevalence of migraines—meaning the number of people who get them—has stayed around the same in the US over the past 30 years, migraine-related disability—which is determined by how much time patients lose for work and socializing due to migraines—has mushroomed.

Cohen and his coauthors discovered that the number of people reporting migraine-related disability had almost doubled by some measures. This could in part be because doctors have gotten better at assessing migraines, or because people have become more aware of their condition and more comfortable discussing it. But also, Cohen says, it could be because “something’s going on.” One explanation the study authors suggest is the changing environment.

It’s not just rising temperatures that migraine sufferers should be concerned about, either. Climate change is associated with an increase in air pollutants, such as those produced by wildfires, which are another known trigger for migraines. Although the mechanism by which pollution triggers migraines is not yet understood, multiple studies have found that short-term exposure to air pollutants is accompanied by a jump in migraine-specific emergency department visits. Indeed, during the intense wildfires on the east coast of North America last summer, “calls to the headache center were skyrocketing,” says Cohen.

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Exactly why CSD starts, nobody knows. Similarly, plenty of mysteries remain about what activates the pain of migraines. Past studies have proposed that migraine headaches occur when something in the cerebrospinal fluid indirectly activates nerves in the nearby meninges, the layers of membrane between the brain and the skull. Rasmussen’s experiment, led by neuroscientist Maiken Nedergaard, initially set out to find evidence to support this—but they came away empty-handed. “We didn’t get anything,” he says.

So they tried a different approach, injecting fluorescent tracer substances into the cerebrospinal fluid and imaging the mice’s skulls. The tracers concentrated at the end of the trigeminal nerve, “these big nerve bundles that lie like two sausages on the base of the skull.” It was a big surprise, he says, to find substances were able to reach this part of the peripheral nervous system, where they could activate pain receptors. “So we got excited and also very puzzled—like, how does it even get there?” This led them to the opening—the end of the trigeminal nerve that was in open contact with the cerebrospinal fluid.

The researchers also sampled the cerebrospinal fluid and found more than 100 proteins that rose or fell in the aftermath of CSD, suggesting potential involvement in the pain of migraine. A dozen of the proteins that increased are known to act as transmitter substances capable of activating sensory nerves, including one called calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), a known target for migraine drugs. Rasmussen says it was a good sign to find it among the mix. “But for us, what is most interesting is really the 11 other proteins that have not been described before,” he says—as these could open the door for new treatments.

There are still reasons to be cautious, says Turgay Dalkara, a professor of neurology at Hacettepe University in Turkey with an interest in auras. Mouse models are useful, but the size differences in rodent and human skulls are problematic—especially when it comes to the area where the opening was found. “From the mouse to the human, the surface-volume ratio is dramatically different,” he says. The idea that Rasmussen’s team initially investigated—that CSD releases substances that activate and sensitize nerves in the meninges—remains the best supported mechanism observed in humans, he adds. Rasmussen’s finding, of this previously undiscovered spot where cerebrospinal fluid could touch nerves, should be considered a possible addition to this picture, not a replacement for it.

Hadjikhani agrees but is nevertheless excited to find a further pathway for investigation. For doctors, the lack of understanding about how migraines work means sleuthing for the right combinations of medicines to give sufferers some relief. “You try one. You try a combination. You take one off,” she says. “You have to be Sherlock Holmes, finding what triggers things.”

The fact that migraines vary so much means there may never be a silver bullet solution. Rasmussen hopes that, in the long term, being able to observe changes in an individual’s cerebrospinal fluid could minimize this guesswork and lead to personalized solutions.

New York Gov. Kathy Hochul signed several bills into law Wednesday that aims to ensure equitable access to health care and expand resources for emergency service providers.

One piece of legislation will authorize Medicaid reimbursements to emergency medical service agencies for providing emergency medical care to Medicaid enrollees without requiring the transportation of these patients from the place where medical care was administered. It would also permit Medicaid payments to be made to EMS services when they transport individuals to alternative care facilities instead of only hospitals.

Another bill will permit more ambulance services and advanced life support first responders to store, administer and distribute blood. All ambulances, whether airborne or grounded, would qualify to transfuse blood products to patients to resuscitate them during transport.

The state Legislature passed both bills near the end of its session earlier this year.

“My Administration is committed to addressing health care disparities in our State and ensuring all New Yorkers can access the care that they need and deserve,” Hochul said in a statement. “This legislation ensures essential treatment and transportation, and allows New Yorkers to focus on their well-being during an emergency rather than worrying about the financial cost or availability of critical health care when they need it most.”

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